Trees, evergreen ≥ 50’

American Holly, Ilex opaca - fruits eaten by bluebird, robin, mockingbird, larvae plant for Henry’s elfin butterfly

Cabbage Palmetto, Sabal palmetto (SC state Tree) - fruits eaten by robins and raccoons

Eastern Red Cedar, Juniperus virginiana - fruits eaten by cedar waxwing, purple finch, bluebird, nesting for hummingbird, warblers, doves, larvae plant for great purple hairstreak butterflies

Live Oak, Quercus virginiana - warblers’ spring migration, acorns eaten by squirrels, turkeys, nuthatch

Longleaf Pine, Pinus - nesting for red-cockaded woodpecker

Southern Magnolia, Magnolia grandiflora - seeds eaten by yellow-bellied sapsucker, red-cockaded woodpecker

Trees, deciduous ≥ 50’

American Beech, Fagus grandifolia - nuts eaten by blue jay, chickadee, titmouse, nesting for pileated woodpecker

Bald Cypress, Taxodium distichum - seeds eaten by ducks and Sandhill cranes

River Birch, Betula nigra - seeds eaten by chickadee, finch, tanager, grouse, nuthatch, used for nesting

Blackgum Tree, Nyssa sylvatica - bee tree, seeds eaten by wood duck, bluebirds, purple/yellow finch, opossum

Sweetbay Magnolia, Magnolia virginiana - seeds eaten by yellow-bellied sapsucker, red-eyed vireo, red-cockaded woodpecker, host for swallowtail butterflies

Oaks, Quercus species - acorns winter staple for titmouse, turkey, woodpecker, Carolina wren (SC state Bird), larvae plant, nesting, cover

Red Maple, Southern Sugar, Acer species - sap used by yellow-bellied sapsucker, nesting/food for warblers, chickadee, purple finch, grosbeak, bobwhite

Basswood/Linden, Tilia americana - nectar plant, larval plant for red-spotted purple and mourning cloak

Tulip Poplar, Liriodendron tulipifera - flowers visited by hummingbirds, orchard orioles; seeds eaten by cardinals.

Trees, evergreen 15’ to 40’

Devilwood Osmanthus, Osmanthus americana - Fruits eaten by birds and small mammals

Wax Myrtle, Myrica cerifera - Fruits eaten by swallow, bluebird, warbler, 13 other species of birds

Yaupon Holly, Ilex vomitoria - Larval plant for Henry’s Elfin butterfly, seeds eaten by Cedar waxwing, mockingbird and other songbirds

Trees, deciduous 15’ to 40’

Alder, Alnus serrulata - fruits eaten by many species of birds

Fringe Tree, Chionanthus virginicus - fruits eaten by bluebird, thrasher, finch, vireo & 75 other species of birds

Dogwood, Cornus florida - seeds eaten by yellow-bellied sapsucker, towhee, and vireo

Hophornbeam/ironwood, Ostrya virginiana - seeds eaten by finch, woodpecker, mockingbird, used for nesting

Musclewood, Carpinus caroliniana - larval plant for tiger swallowtail, fruits by small mammals and wood duck

Paw Paw, Asimina triloba - larval plant for zebra swallowtail, fruits by small mammals

Persimmon, Diospyros virginiana - fruits eaten by many mammals, bees, butterflies

Redbud, Cercis Canadensis - flowers by honey bees, seeds by birds

Red Buckeye, Aesculus pavia - flowers used by hummingbirds, bees

Red Mulberry, Morus rubra - fruits eaten by many species of birds

Sassafras, Sassafras albidium - nectar for butterflies

Service Berry, Amelanchier species - nectar for butterflies fruits eaten by scarlet tanager, bluebird and others

Sourwood, Oxydendron arboreum - seed eaten by songbird, turkey, grouse, flowers by bees (honey), butterflies

Sumac, Rhus species - fruits eaten by mockingbird, robin, thrasher, red-eyed vireo, cardinal

Titi/Swamp Cyrilla, Cyrilla racemiflora - nectar plant, cover

Walters Viburnum, Viburnum obovatum - nectar, butterflies, fruits, mammals, birds

Arrowwood Viburnum, Viburnum dentatum - fruits eaten by fox, chipmunk, bluebird, cedar waxwing, mockingbird

Bottlebrush Buckeye, Aesculus parviflora - flower visited by hummingbirds, butterflies

Silky Camellia, Stewartia malachodendron - nesting for birds, pollinators

Shrubs, evergreen

Florida Leucothoe, Agarista populifolia - cover, butterflies and birds

Florida Anise, Illicium floridanum

Inkberry Holly, Ilex glabra - fruits eaten by bluebird, thrasher, mockingbirds, and other birds

Coastal Leucothoe, Leucothoe axillaris - deer browse

Dwarf Palmetto, Sabal minor - fruits eaten by warbler, woodpecker

Needle Palm, Rhapidophyllum hystix - cover, deer browse

Spanish Bayonet, Yucca aloifolia - moths, larva plant for giant skipper butterflies

Shrubs, deciduous

American Beautyberry, Callicarpia americana - fruits eaten by mockingbirds, finch, bobwhite, robin, thrasher

Carolina Allspice, Calycanthus floridus – sweetly scented flowers visited by butterflies

Sweet Pepperbush, Clethra alnifolia - flowers visited by bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, fruits eaten by many birds

Fothergilla, Fothergilla major - game birds, small mammals

Wild Hydrangea, Hydrangea aborescens - wild turkey browse

Oakleaf Hydrangea, Hydrangea quercifolia - fruits eaten by song and game birds, mammals

Golden St. Johnswort, Hypericum frondosum - seeds eaten by game birds, songbirds

Virginia Sweetspire, Itea virginica - butterflies, seeds eaten by birds, cover

Mapleleaf Viburnum, Viburnum acerfolium - fruits eaten by wild turkey, bluebird, cardinal, thrasher

Florida Azalea, Rhododendron austrinum - swallowtails, gulf fritillaries, monarchs, hummingbirds, bees, and birds

Piedmont Azaleas, R. canescens

Oconee Azalea, R. flammeum

Pinxterbloom Azalea, R. periclymenoides

Vines

Carolina Jessamine, Gelsemium sempervirens (SC state flower) - hummingbirds, game birds, butterflies

Crossvine, Bignonia capreolata - flowers visited by hummingbirds

Coral Honeysuckle, Lonicera sempervirens - flowers visited by hummingbirds, bees, and birds

Virginia Creeper, Parthenocissus quinquefolia - fruits eaten by chickadee, mockingbird, nuthatch, scarlet tanager

Passionflower, Passiflora incarnata - flowers visited by gulf fritillary butterfly, larval plant for others

Perennials, shade

Atamasco Lily, Zephyranthese atamasco

Black Cohosh, Cimicifuga racemosa - larval plant for azure butterflies

Blue Wooland Pholox, Phlox divaracata - flowers visited by swallowtails, grey hairstreak

Columbine, Aquilegia canadensis - flowers visited by hummingbirds, bees, butterflies, seeds eaten by finches

Crested Iris, Iris cristata - hummingbirds, bees

False Solomons Seal, Smilacina racemosa - fruits eaten by mammals

Fire Pinks, Silene virginica - Flowers visited by hummingbirds, butterflies

Foamflower, Tiarella cordifolia - butterflies, bees

Green and Gold, Chrysogonum virginianum

Heartleaf Ginger, Hexastylis arifolia - winter deer browse

Indian Pinks, Spigelia marilandica - flowers favorite for butterflies and hummingbirds

Jack in the Pulpit, Arisaema triphylium - fruits and leaves eaten by turkey and wood thrush

Lyreleaf Sage, Salvia lyrata - flowers favorite for butterflies, and hummingbirds

Partridgeberry, Mitchella repens - fruits eaten by grouse, bobwhite, wild turkey, mouse

Solomons Seal, Polygonatum biflora - roots eaten by mammals

Wild Geranium, Geranimum maculatum - seeds eaten by bobwhite, dove

Perennials, sun

Aster, Aster spp. - flowers visited by hummingbirds, butterflies, bees; seeds eaten by cardinal, finches, thrasher

Wild Indigo, Baptisia spp. - early succession, birds, bees, nitrogen fixer

Beebalm, Monarda didyma - flowers nectar source for eastern tiger swallowtail (SC state butterfly)

Spicebush - eastern black swallowtail, pipevine swallowtails, cloudless sulphur butterfly

Bluestar, Amsonia spp. - flowers visited by bees, butterflies

Black-eyed Susan, Rudbeckia fulgida - seeds eaten by birds

Butterflyweed, Asclepias tuberosa - flowers nectar source for tiger, spicebush,

Cardinal Flower, Lobelia cardinalis - nectar source for hummingbirds, butterflies

Coreopsis, Coreopsis spp. - nectar source for hummingbirds, butterflies, seeds eaten by songbirds, bees, butterflies

Carolina Phlox, Phlox carolina - nectar source for hummingbirds and butterflies

Downy Phlox, Phlox pilosa - nectar source for hummingbirds and butterflies

Goldenrod, Solidago spp. - flowers visited by butterflies, bees; seeds eaten by goldfinch and other birds

Joe Pye Weed, Eupatorium fistulosum - great pollinator attractor, visited by spicebush, swallowtail, gulf fritillary, monarch, painted lady butterflies, larval plant for monarch

Prairie Blazing Star, Liatris spp. - flowers visited by butterflies, bees

Beardtongue, Penstemon spp. - flowers visited by bees, butterflies

Mountain Mint, Pycnanthemum tenufolium - seeds eaten by numerous wildlife; flowers visited by butterflies, bees

Ferns

Christmas Fern, Polystichum acrosticoides - grouse, cover for frogs

Cinnamon Fern, Osmunda cinnamomea - nesting

Marginal Shield Fern, Dryopteris marginalis - shelter for toads, lizards

New York Fern, Thelypteris noveboracensis - shelter for toads

Netted Chain Fern, Woodwardia areolata - shelter for toads, salamanders, newts

Northern Maidenhair Fern, Adiantum pedatum - shelter for toads, salamanders, newts

Royal Fern, Osmunda regalis - shelter for toads, salamanders

Sensitive Fern, Onoclea sensibilis - shelter for toads, salamanders

Southern Lady Fern, Athyrium filix-femina - shelter for toads, salamanders

Grasses

Bushy Bluestern, Andropogon glomeratus - seeds eaten by birds insects and mammals

Broomsedge, Andropogon virginicus - seeds eaten by field sparrow, junco; cover for bobwhites

Inland Sea Oats, Chasmanthum latifolia - seeds eaten by grouse, titmouse, wren, robin

Indian Grass, Sorgastrum nutans (SC state grass) - flowers visited by bees, seeds eaten by birds

Salt Cordgrass, Spartina alternifora - roots eaten by geese, seeds eaten by ducks Virginia rail, seaside sparrow

Splitbeard Bluestern, Andropogon ternaries - seeds eaten by songbirds; wild turkey browse

Switchgrass, Panicum virgatum - seeds eaten by songbirds

Bulrush, Scirpus cyperinus - seeds eaten by ducks, marsh birds, muskrats, nesting cover